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Common Whonix ™ CLI Commands

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Introduction[edit]

There are a number of common command line operations that are performed by users of all skill levels in the Whonix ™ environment. This wiki page is intended to serve as a quick and handy reference guide for locating these, but it is not a substitute for reading relevant wiki entries that provide detailed instructions for various activities. [1] Additional, useful commands will be added here over time.

Whonix-Gateway ™[edit]

Table: Whonix-Gateway ™ Common Commands

Category Commands
Change Keyboard Layout
  • To change the keyboard layout: 
    • sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

    • sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-data

  • Make the reconfigured keyboard-configuration change take effect: 
    • sudo setupcon

Circumvent uwt Wrapper Use [2]
  • /usr/bin/apt-get.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/wget.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/curl.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/gpg.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/ssh.anondist-orig
Connection Wizard (Enable/Disable Tor) 
  • lxsudo anon-connection-wizard

  • sudo setup-wizard-dist

Default Username and Password [3]
  • Default username: user
  • Default password: changeme
Important Configuration Files / Folders
  • Important configuration files: 
    • sudoedit /usr/local/etc/torrc.d/50_user.conf

    • sudoedit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

  • Important configuration folders:
    • /etc/whonix_firewall.d/
Important Logs 
  • tail -f /var/log/syslog

  • tail -f -n 20 /var/log/sdwdate.log

  • tail -f /var/log/controlportfilt.log

  • tail -f /var/log/tor/log

Nyx: Tor Command Line Monitor [4]
  • Launch Nyx:

nyx

OS Updates 
  • upgrade-nonroot

    or

  • sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Switch to Clearnet User [5] 
  • sudo su clearnet

sdwdate
  • Restart sdwdate:

sudo /usr/lib/sdwdate/restart_fresh

systemcheck
  • Network Time Synchronization and Tor Connection Check:

systemcheck

Time
  • Report the date in UTC:

date -u

  • Manually set the system clock:

sudo date -s "17 FEB 2019 24:00:00" && sudo hwclock -w

  • Randomize the time: [6] [7]
    • clock-random-manual-gui: a randomized clock setting (in UTC) is entered via a GUI.
    • clock-random-manual-cli: a randomized clock setting (in UTC) is entered on the command line. For example: 
      echo "Wed Dec 04 06:20:13 UTC 2019" | /usr/bin/clock-random-manual-cli

Tor
  • Restart Network:

sudo service networking restart

  • Restart Tor:

sudo service tor restart

  • Stop Tor:

sudo systemctl stop tor@default

  • Check the Tor version:

anon-info

  • Check the Tor configuration:

anon-verify

sudo -u debian-tor tor --verify-config

Virtual Consoles
  • Text console: Press Alt + Crtl + F1
    • Additional text consoles: Press Alt + Crtl + F2 or F3 and so on.
  • Graphical console: Press Alt + Crtl + F7
VM Operations
  • Reboot:

sudo reboot

  • Power off:

sudo poweroff

Whonix ™ Version
  • Whonix ™ version:

cat /etc/whonix_version

Whonix-Workstation ™[edit]

Table: Whonix-Workstation ™ Common Commands

Category Commands
Change Keyboard Layout 
  • sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

  • sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-data

Circumvent uwt Wrapper Use [2]
  • /usr/bin/apt-get.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/wget.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/curl.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/gpg.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/git.anondist-orig
  • /usr/bin/ssh.anondist-orig
Default Username and Password [3]
  • Default username: user
  • Default password: changeme
DNS Resolution Functionality Test 
  • nslookup check.torproject.org

GnuPG (OpenPGP)
  • Retrieve keys (example):
  • Display key fingerprint (example):

sudo apt-key adv --fingerprint A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89

  • Check file signatures (example):

gpg --verify tor-browser-linux64-8.5_en-US.tar.xz.asc tor-browser-linux64-8.5_en-US.tar.xz

HexChat
  • Reset HexChat identity:

hexchat-reset

Important Configuration Folders and Logs
  • Important configuration folders:
    • /etc/whonix_firewall.d/
  • Important logs: 
    • tail -f /var/log/syslog

    • tail -f -n 20 /var/log/sdwdate.log

Leak Test [8] 
  • leaktest

Network Restart 
  • sudo service networking restart

OS Updates / Software Installation 
  • upgrade-nonroot

    or

  • sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

  • Install the package-name package.

sudo apt-get install package-name

  • Install the package-name package from Debian backports. Requires enabling backports repository.

sudo apt-get -t buster-backports install package-name

systemcheck
  • Network Time Synchronization and Tor Connection Check: [9]

systemcheck

Time
  • Manually set the system clock:

sudo date -s "17 FEB 2019 24:00:00" && sudo hwclock -w

Tor Browser

Note: Tor Browser can only be started when a graphical desktop environment (DE) such as XFCE is running (Whonix ™ XFCE). At time of writing Tor Browser cannot be run without a running DE (Whonix ™ CLI without a custom installed DE). However, graphical applications such as Tor Browser can be started from command line when a DE is running. [10]

  • Important folders:
    • ~/.tb/tor-browser
    • ~/.tb/tor-browser/Browser/TorBrowser/Data/Browser
  • Tor Browser Launcher:

torbrowser

  • Tor Browser in debugging mode:

~/.tb/tor-browser/Browser/start-tor-browser --debug

update-torbrowser

Virtual Consoles
  • Text console: Press Alt + Crtl + F1
    • Additional text consoles: Press Alt + Crtl + F2 or F3 and so on.
  • Graphical console: Press Alt + Crtl + F7
VM Operations
  • Reboot:

sudo reboot

  • Power off:

sudo poweroff

Whonix ™ Version
  • Whonix ™ version:

cat /etc/whonix_version

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ↑ This entry has been inspired by the relatively unknown whonix command, which already lists common Whonix ™ command line operations.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Experts / debugging only!
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 For both Whonix-Gateway ™ and Whonix-Workstation ™.
  4. ↑ This is a Tor Controller which runs as a console application.
  5. ↑ The whonix DNS notes state:

    Check if DNS resolution is functional:

    • Experts only!
    • This is only a summary.
    • You normally do not need to manually resolve DNS on Whonix-Gateway.
    • Whonix has by default a feature to hide the fact, that you are a Whonix user.

    - This will NOT hide the fact that you are a Tor user from your ISP! -- Hiding the fact, that you are a Tor user, is available as an optional configuration.

    • Whonix-Workstations traffic goes through Tors Socks-, Dns- or TransPorts.

    - Whonix-Gateway can only send traffic through Tor as well.
    -- Whonix-Gateway has no longer a Trans- or DnsPort.
    -- For example, apt-get will actually call the uwt wrapper /usr/bin/apt-get.
    -- The apt-get uwt wrapper will with help of uwt and torsocks force also Whonix-Gateways traffic through Tor.
    -- Thus hiding the fact, that you are a Whonix user.

    • Only as either,

    - as clearnet user or
    - after activation of transparent proxying for Whonix-Gateway
    - in /etc/whonix_firewall.d/ or
    - after allowing Whonix-Gateways root sending non-Tor traffic in /etc/whonix_firewall.d/

    • nslookup check.torproject.org
  6. ↑ A non-zero exit codes signifies an error, while 0 means it succeeded.
  7. ↑ Also see: 
    man clock-random-manual-gui

    man clock-random-manual-cli

  8. ↑ See: Leak Tests
  9. ↑ Additionallly in Whonix-Workstation ™, notifications are made regarding OS updates, the Whonix ™ version and news.
  10. ↑ https://forums.whonix.org/t/tor-browser-on-whonix-workstation-cli/10020/8 [archive]
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