Whonix Variants
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Comparison of Whonix in a VM vs Whonix with Physical Isolation with and without virtualized Gateway.
Comparison of Different Whonix Variants[edit]
The security and usability of the Whonix platform is significantly affected by the hardware and virtualization configuration, and whether a Whonix-Custom-Workstation is created. Qubes-Whonix is currently recommended as providing the best combination of security and usability, although it has
strict hardware requirements
.
Virtualization and Hardware Configurations[edit]
Table: Whonix Platform Comparison
| Variant | Systems | Number of systems | Security | Usability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Binary Download | host + VM + VM | 2 | Basic | Easy to redistribute and install |
| Physical Isolation with Bare-metal Gateway | host + VM + host | 3 | Equivalent to the standard binary download | Difficult to install and for advanced users only |
| Physical Isolation with Virtualized Gateway | host + VM + host + VM | 4 | Higher attack surface | Easier to deploy. Four operating systems must be kept updated |
| Physical Isolation without any Virtualization | host + host | 4 | Nearly the same as standard Physical Isolation [1] Without virtual machines, there is no protection against hardware fingerprinting | Difficult to install and for advanced users only |
| Qubes | dom0 + VM + VM | 3 | Better compartmentalization. See: Why use Qubes over other Virtualizers? | Best |
| OneVM (ignore page title)
|
host + VM | 2 | Deprecated | - |
| UniStation | host | 1 | Proof of concept only | - |
Virtual machines can provide the following security-related features:
- Network isolation: Connections can easily be forced through Tor.
- Hardware isolation: Unique hardware serials can be hidden.
- Roll back feature: Users can revert to clean and/or working snapshots.
- Multi-level security: Multiple clones / VMs / Disposables provide significant protection.
In comparison, live CDs provide:
- Non-persistence: This increases safety in the event of a software compromise. [2]
- Anti-forensics capability and plausible deniability: If the computer is powered down and RAM has faded or been wiped, remnants of critical information like encryption keys should be impossible to retrieve.
- Update issues: It is difficult to roll out security updates and maintain a fully up-to-date system.
Operating System Configurations[edit]
Whonix provides multiple operating system options:
- Debian bookworm GNU/Linux: The Default-Download-Version is recommended for most users.
- Other Operating Systems: Windows, FreeBSD, other GNU/Linux, and Android Whonix-Custom-Workstation are possible.
Users should refer to Security Comparison: Whonix-Download-Workstation vs. Whonix-Custom-Workstation before choosing this option. A number of anonymity protections must be manually configured in Whonix-Custom-Workstation.
Security Comparison: Whonix-Download-Workstation vs. Whonix-Custom-Workstation[edit]
See Security Comparison: Whonix-Download-Workstation vs. Whonix-Custom-Workstation. Unless otherwise stated, the documentation and design refers to the Default-Download-Version.
Old Instructions[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
- ↑ For further discussion of this issue, see: More or Less Protection inside a VM?
- ↑ Unless sophisticated and targeted malware manages to leverage the exploit, leading to a compromise of firmware or other persistent systems (like BIOS).
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