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Upgrading Whonix 13 to Whonix 14

Ambox warning pn.svg.png
TESTERS ONLY!
Info
To use Whonix 14, users can either upgrade existing Whonix 13 templates or download testers-only templates. The latter procedure is much simpler than upgrading.

High Level Overview[edit]

Upgrading Templates

1. Backup your data - ideally have a copy of the VM so it is possible to try again (if necessary).
2. Consider running the optional sanity tests.
3. Upgrade Whonix-Workstation (whonix-ws).
4. Power off Whonix-Workstation (whonix-ws).
5. Upgrade Whonix-Gatway (whonix-gw).
6. Restart Whonix-Gateway (whonix-gw).
7. Restart Whonix-Workstation (whonix-ws).
8. Qubes-Whonix: optionally route all updates via sys-whonix.

Downloading New Templates

1. Consider running the optional sanity tests.
2. Download the testers-only Whonix-Workstation (whonix-ws) and Whonix-Gateway (whonix-gw) images.
3. Update the Whonix templates.
4. Qubes-Whonix: optionally route all updates via sys-whonix.

Sanity Tests[edit]

These are optional, but recommended. To complete sanity tests, please press on expand on the right.

[select code]
sudo dpkg --audit ; echo $?

Expected output.

[select code]
0

[select code]
sudo dpkg --configure -a ; echo $?

Expected output.

[select code]
0

Get package upgrades.

[select code]
sudo apt-get update

[select code]
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

For testing purposes, install python-qt4.

[select code]
sudo apt-get install python-qt4 ; echo $?

[select code]
## ... successful installation of python-qt4 ...
0

Upgrading[edit]

Introduction[edit]

Info
Downloading a new Whonix-Gateway / Whonix-Workstation is easier than applying the following upgrade instructions, but this process should be relatively smooth.


Both Non-Qubes-Whonix and Qubes-Whonix are supported.

First consider completing the sanity tests described above; the system is checked for obvious and grave issues that must be fixed before attempting an upgrade. For example, if the package manager is broken due to the mixing of packages from both Debian stable and Debian testing, then the upgrade may fail part way through, leaving the system in an unstable state that is difficult to resolve.

Consider retaining the full terminal (Konsole) log. Even if the upgrade appears successful, there might be issues following reboot. To properly report a bug in the Whonix forums it is necessary to share the upgrade log so the issue can be investigated.

Info
If you are using Qubes-Whonix: If Qubes R3.0 or R3.1 is used as the host operating system, it is strongly advised to upgrade the VMs and dom0 to R3.2 before proceeding. Only Qubes R3.2 and R4 are currently supported. [1] Follow the Qubes R3.1 > R3.2 upgrade instructions on the Qubes website.

Update Package and Sources Lists[edit]

First, upgrade the system's packages from Debian.

Info
If you are using Qubes-Whonix: When upgrading the TemplateVM, /etc/tor/torrc in the Whonix-Gateway TemplateBased ProxyVM (commonly called sys-whonix) will not be modified, because bind-dirs makes it persistent.

All Platforms

Update Whonix apt sources list.

[select code]
sudo whonix_repository --enable --codename stretch

Update Debian apt sources list.

[select code]
sudo sed -i "s/jessie/stretch/g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list

Qubes-Whonix Only

Update Qubes apt sources list.

[select code]
sudo sed -i "s/jessie/stretch/g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/qubes*.list

Enable Debugging and Update Select Packages[edit]

Become root.

[select code]
sudo su

Enable extensive debugging so the reporting of any eventual bugs is easier.

[select code]
export DEBDEBUG=1

Update the package lists.

[select code]
apt-get update

Upgrade torsocks and usability-misc first. [2] [3]

[select code]
apt-get install torsocks usability-misc
Ignore any errors relating to missing torsocks libraries.

Upgrade[edit]

Distribution Upgrade and Package Purge[edit]

Run.

[select code]
apt-get-noninteractive dist-upgrade
Ignore errors relating to exim* amd mailx - these packages will be removed in the next step.

Purge packages which are not required or deprecated in Whonix and have been replaced by new functionality. [4] anon-shared-kde-accessibility and kaccessible can be excluded from the following command if accessibility tools are in use.

[select code]
apt-get purge anon-shared-kde-accessibility kaccessible iceweasel firefox-esr exim* unattended-upgrades cups control-port-filter-python packagekit at wpasupplicant apparmor-profile-sdwdate apparmor-profile-whonixcheck kde-apper-no-autoupdate

Restart Necessary Services[edit]

Restart whonix-legacy service. [5]

[select code]
service whonix-legacy restart

Install Whonix-Gateway and Whonix-Workstation[edit]

Update the package lists again. [6]

[select code]
apt-get update

Non-Qubes-Whonix users please click on expand on the right.

Info
Non-Qubes-Whonix only! Only complete this step in Whonix-Gateway!


[select code]
apt-get install non-qubes-whonix-gateway

Info
Non-Qubes-Whonix only! Only complete this step in Whonix-Workstation!


[select code]
apt-get install non-qubes-whonix-workstation

Qubes-Whonix users please click on expand on the right.

Info
Qubes-Whonix only! Only complete this step in Whonix-Gateway (whonix-gw)!


[select code]
apt-get install qubes-whonix-gateway

Info
Qubes-Whonix only! Only complete this step in Whonix-Workstation (whonix-ws)!


[select code]
apt-get install qubes-whonix-workstation

Miscellaneous Configuration Steps[edit]

Info
Qubes-Whonix Whonix-Workstation (whonix-ws) only! Qubes R4 only!


[select code]
apt-get install pulseaudio-qubes


Remove Unneeded Packages and Reinstall Firewall[edit]

Qubes-Whonix Only

Remove power-savings-disable-in-vms.

[select code]
sudo apt-get purge power-savings-disable-in-vms

All Platforms

Delete /etc/X11/Xsession.d/50kde-apper-no-autoupdate.

[select code]
sudo rm -f /etc/X11/Xsession.d/50kde-apper-no-autoupdate

Remove packages which are no longer required.

[select code]
apt-get autoremove

Reinstall whonix-firewall. [7]

[select code]
apt-get install --reinstall whonix-firewall

Systemctl unmask whonix-firewall.

[select code]
systemctl unmask whonix-firewall

Systemctl enable whonix-firewall.

[select code]
systemctl enable whonix-firewall

VirtualBox Only[edit]

The next step is required for VirtualBox users only! [8]

[select code]
sudo apt-get install --reinstall virtualbox-guest-*

Konsole Log[edit]

Remember to store the terminal (Konsole) log: File -> Save Output As

Open a new terminal (Konsole) tab. [9]

Whonix APT-Repository[edit]

Run Whonix APT Repository Tool.

[select code]
kdesudo whonix-repository-wizard

A poweroff is required.

[select code]
sudo poweroff

All necessary steps are now complete for non-Qubes-Whonix users. Qubes-Whonix users should complete the additional steps below.

Qubes-Whonix Only[edit]

In dom0, run.

[select code]
sudo qubesctl state.sls qvm.anon-whonix

Only complete the next step if all TemplateVM upgrades should be routed through sys-whonix. [10]

[select code]
sudo qubesctl state.sls qvm.updates-via-whonix

The upgrade procedure is now complete.

Optional: To configure a new sys-whonix-14 ProxyVM for all TemplateVM updates in Qubes R4, follow the steps below.

Update Settings in Qubes R4[edit]

1. Create a new Proxy-VM using the whonix-gw-14 template. Label the new VM sys-whonix-14.

2. Edit the /etc/qubes-rpc/policy/qubes.UpdatesProxy file to set sys-whonix-14 as the target VM for the recently upgraded Whonix-Workstation and Whonix-Gateway. Copy and paste the text below. 

whonix-ws $default allow,target=sys-whonix
whonix-ws $anyvm deny
whonix-gw $default allow,target=sys-whonix
whonix-gw $anyvm deny

whonix-ws-14 $default allow,target=sys-whonix-14
whonix-ws-14 $anyvm deny
whonix-gw-14 $default allow,target=sys-whonix-14
whonix-gw-14 $anyvm deny

## Note that policy parsing stops at the first match,
## so adding anything below "$anyvm $anyvm action" line will have no effect

## Please use a single # to start your custom comments

# Default rule for all TemplateVMs - direct the connection to sys-net
$type:TemplateVM $default allow,target=sys-net

$anyvm $anyvm deny

Save and exit.

3. After upgrading to Qubes-Whonix 14 in Qubes R4, the network setting for any Whonix TemplateVM should be set to none because a qrexec-based updates proxy is in use. [11]

Download New Templates[edit]

Users can simply download the latest Whonix 14, testers-only images and install Whonix as per normal procedures:

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ↑ https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/
  2. ↑ This avoids some torsocks warnings due to the torsocks upgrade.
  3. ↑ Provides apt-get-noninteractive.
  4. ↑ sysfsutils - https://github.com/Whonix/Whonix/commit/d7cb15aa96bd571368b54f8a980922d9e1982250
  5. ↑ A manual restart is required because apt-get-noninteractive is being used. This step is not crucial since it would also run after reboot.
  6. ↑ This is required because the Whonix repository URI has been upgraded to a new location by the whonix-legacy package.
  7. ↑ This is because of the whonix-gw-firewall / whonix-ws-firewall to whonix-firewall package migration.
  8. ↑ This is not always required and depends on the host VirtualBox version; no harm is caused if it is not needed.
  9. ↑ Or type exit to sign out as root to get back to user user.
  10. ↑ https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-mgmt-salt-dom0-virtual-machines/blob/master/qvm/updates-via-whonix.sls
  11. ↑ Qubes-Whonix 13 supports this feature as well after running apt-get dist-upgrade.
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