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Whonix-Gateway Firewall

From Whonix


Firewall146529640.png

Introduction[edit]

Whonix ™ has an iptables rules script and firewall configuration file for both Whonix-Gateway ™ and Whonix-Workstation ™. Whonix-Gateway ™ firewall features include: [1]

  • transparent proxying
  • stream isolation
  • reject invalid packages
  • fail closed mechanism
  • optional VPN-Firewall
  • optional isolating proxy
  • optional incoming flash proxy
  • optional Tor relay

The firewall should not be removed unless you no longer wish to use Whonix ™.

Whonix-Gateway ™ Firewall Settings[edit]

1. Modify Whonix-Gateway ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Gateway ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Gateway ™ AppVM (commonly called sys-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Gateway ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf.

Note: The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-gw-16 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Gateway ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf

2. Add setting.

3. Save.

4. Reload Whonix-Gateway ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Gateway ™ ProxyVM (commonly named sys-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

5. Done.

The procedure is complete.

How-to: Open an Incoming Port on Whonix-Gateway ™ Firewall[edit]

From the Outside[edit]

Ambox warning pn.svg.png Warning:

  • This is usually not required!
  • This is Untested! Always follow Firewall Refactoring steps before and after making configuration changes to check if the firewall rules actually changed.

Host → Whonix-Gateway ™

Internet → Host → Whonix-Gateway ™

This will allow an incoming connection on Whonix-Gateway ™ originating from:

  • if using VM: the host.
  • if using physical isolation: the Internet.

1. Modify Whonix-Gateway ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Gateway ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Gateway ™ AppVM (commonly called sys-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Gateway ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf.

Note: The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-gw-16 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Gateway ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf

2. Add.

Replace 80 with the actual port you would like to open. 

EXTERNAL_OPEN_PORTS+=" 80 "

3. Save.

4. Reload Whonix-Gateway ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Gateway ™ ProxyVM (commonly named sys-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

5. Done.

The procedure is complete.

For Connections Originating from Whonix-Workstation ™[edit]

Ambox warning pn.svg.png Warning:

  • This is usually not required!
  • This is Untested! Always follow Firewall Refactoring steps before and after making configuration changes to check if the firewall rules actually changed.

Whonix-Workstation ™ → Whonix-Gateway ™

This will allow incoming connections from Whonix-Workstation ™ to Whonix-Gateway ™.

It might be useful for Tor additional SocksPorts. (Whonix-Workstation ™ → Whonix-Gateway ™ → Tor SocksPort)

1. Modify Whonix-Gateway ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Gateway ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Gateway ™ AppVM (commonly called sys-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Gateway ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf.

Note: The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-gw-16 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Gateway ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_gateway_default.conf

2. Add.

Note: Replace 9230 with the actual port you would like to open. [2] 

INTERNAL_OPEN_PORTS+=" 9230 "

3. Save.

4. Reload Whonix-Gateway ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Gateway ™ ProxyVM (commonly named sys-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Gateway ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Gateway ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

The procedure is complete.

See Also[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ↑ https://github.com/Whonix/whonix-firewall [archive]
  2. ↑ https://forums.whonix.org/t/internal-open-ports-setting/11404/1 [archive]
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