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Whonix-Workstation Firewall

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Firewall-34227640.png

[1] [2]

How to open a Port in Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall[edit]

How to open an Incoming Port in Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall[edit]

Whonix-Gateway ™ → Whonix-Workstation ™ → server running inside Whonix-Workstation ™

For purpose of allowing an incoming connection from Whonix-Gateway ™ such as for example to make Onion Services reachable.

1. Modify Whonix-Workstation ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly called anon-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Open /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf with root rights. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf.

The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-ws-15 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Workstation ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf

2. Add. Replace 80 with the actual port you would like to open. 

EXTERNAL_OPEN_PORTS+=" 80 "

3. Save.

4. Reload Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly named anon-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

5. Done.

How to open an Outgoing Port in Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall[edit]

Whonix-Workstation ™ → Whonix-Gateway ™ → Tor SocksPort

For purpose of allowing an outgoing connection to Whonix-Gateway ™.

Might be useful for Tor additional SocksPorts.

1. Usually not required!

Untested! (Use Dev/Firewall Refactoring to check before and after making configuration changes if the actual firewall rules actually changed.)

Usually not required since Whonix-Workstation ™ firewall does not restrict what ports on Whonix-Gateway ™ are reachable if these are open in Whonix-Gateway ™ firewall.

Only useful to prevent connections to Tor SocksPorts in timesync-fail-closed firewall mode. [3]

2. Modify Whonix-Workstation ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly called anon-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Open /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf with root rights. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf.

The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-ws-15 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Workstation ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf

3. Add.

Note: Replace 9230 with the actual port you would like to open. Replace SOCKS_PORT_CUSTOM with SOCKS_PORT_ANOTHER when using multiple. Replace word ANOTHER with another unique word.

Up to Whonix ™ version 15.0.1.7.2. 

SOCKS_PORT_CUSTOM=" 9230 "

The syntax will change in later Whonix ™ versions. [4] 

INTERNAL_OPEN_PORTS+=" 9230 "

Adding both settings to the firewall settings file is OK.

4. Save.

5. Reload Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly named anon-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

6. Done.

How to open All Ports in Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall[edit]

For purpose of allowing an incoming connection from Whonix-Gateway ™ such as for example to make Onion Services reachable.

This is usually not required and should be avoided.

Modify Whonix-Workstation ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly called anon-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Open /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf with root rights. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf.

The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-ws-15 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Workstation ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf

Add. 

EXTERNAL_OPEN_ALL=true

Save.

Reload Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly named anon-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

Disable Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall Until Reboot[edit]

Inside Whonix-Workstation ™.

See Dev/Firewall_Unload.

Permanently Disable Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall[edit]

Inside Whonix-Workstation ™. 

sudo systemctl mask whonix-firewall

No firewall rules will load after rebooting.

ping[edit]

Ping commands should NOT work for external addresses from your Whonix-Workstation ™; ICMP traffic [5] is not proxied, and filtered by Whonix ™ Firewall (/usr/bin/whonix_firewall) because Tor does not support UDP. For example, ping google.com will not work. To make ping work, see chapter Allow UDP.

When SUID Disabler and Permission Hardener gets enabled (not enabled by default at time of writing but will be enabled in by default in future), the CAP_NET_RAW capability will be removed from ping to reduce attack surface since it wold not work anyway. [6] When that will happen, to re-enable ping this, chapter Whitelist Specific Capability Binaries.

Forum discussion:
https://forums.whonix.org/t/ping-operation-permitted/11056/ [archive]

Allow UDP[edit]

Ambox notice.png The Tor software does not yet support UDP, [7] although Tor provides a DnsPort.

If UDP is urgently required in Whonix ™, a limited workaround is provided. For the most secure method, see Tunnel UDP over Tor.

To allow allow UDP, follow the following steps.

Modify Whonix-Workstation ™ User Firewall Settings

Note: If no changes have yet been made to Whonix Firewall Settings, then the Whonix User Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf appears empty (because it does not exist). This is expected.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.
In Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM. Make sure folder /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d exists. 

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly called anon-whonix) → Whonix User Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → User Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Open /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf with root rights. 

sudoedit /usr/local/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf

For more help, press on Expand on the right.

Note: This is for informational purposes only! Do not edit /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf.

The Whonix Global Firewall Settings File /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf contains default settings and explanatory comments about their purpose. By default, the file is opened read-only and is not meant to be directly edited. Below, it is recommended to open the file without root rights. The file contains an explanatory comment on how to change firewall settings. 

## Please use "/etc/whonix_firewall.d/50_user.conf" for your custom configuration,
## which will override the defaults found here. When Whonix is updated, this
## file may be overwritten.

See also Whonix modular flexible .d style configuration folders.

To view the file, follow these instructions.

If using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete these steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Template: whonix-ws-15 → Whonix Global Firewall Settings

If using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

Start Menu → Applications → Settings → Global Firewall Settings

If using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, complete these steps.

In Whonix-Workstation ™, open the whonix_firewall configuration file in an editor. 

nano /etc/whonix_firewall.d/30_whonix_workstation_default.conf

Add. [8] 

firewall_allow_udp=true

Save.

Reload Whonix-Workstation ™ Firewall.

If you are using Qubes-Whonix ™, complete the following steps.

Qubes App Launcher (blue/grey "Q") → Whonix-Workstation ™ AppVM (commonly named anon-whonix) → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a graphical Whonix-Workstation ™, complete the following steps.

Start Menu → Applications → System → Reload Whonix Firewall

If you are using a terminal-only Whonix-Workstation ™, run. 

sudo whonix_firewall

Done, Whonix-Workstation ™ firewall does now permit UDP.

Purpose[edit]

https://github.com/Whonix/whonix-firewall/blob/master/man/whonix_firewall.8.ronn#whonix-workstation-firewall-design-notes [archive]

See Also[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ↑ https://github.com/Whonix/whonix-ws-firewall/blob/Whonix13/man/whonix_firewall.8.ronn [archive]
  2. ↑ 
    man whonix_firewall

  3. ↑ https://phabricator.whonix.org/T533#11025 [archive]
  4. ↑ https://forums.whonix.org/t/internal-open-ports-setting/11404/1 [archive]
  5. ↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol [archive]
  6. ↑ https://github.com/Whonix/anon-apps-config/blob/master/etc/permission-hardening.d/30_ping.conf [archive]
  7. ↑ https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/7830 [archive]
  8. ↑

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